This chapter discusses the potential pathophysiology of anal and/or fecal incontinence during pregnancy and the postpartum period and prevalence of such incontinence, appropriate assessment, and various treatment options. This chapter explains risk factors associated with fecal incontinence in first and subsequent pregnancies and the postpartum, including risks associated with obstetrical anal sphincter injuries, pudendal nerve injury, and chronic fourth-degree lacerations. Quality of life and impact on psychosocial factors, including sexual function is also discussed. Case studies are provided to emphasize the role of the advanced practice nurse in assessment and treatment of fecal incontinence within this special population.