The widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments has raised significant concerns about their bioavailability and potential risks to aquatic biota. Fish, a crucial source of animal protein for millions worldwide, are increasingly exposed to MPs, highlighting the urgent need to understand their occurrence, bioaccumulation, and ecological consequences. As plastic production and consumption continue to rise, MPs have become persistent environmental pollutants, infiltrating marine and freshwater ecosystems and posing a serious threat to global aquatic biodiversity. Their ingestion by fish not only impacts growth, metabolism, and reproduction but also raises critical concerns about food safety and human health due to trophic transfer and biomagnification. Addressing the escalating challenge of MP pollution in fisheries requires an interdisciplinary approach that integrates environmental science, fisheries management, regulatory policies, and public awareness. Effective mitigation strategies should prioritize reducing plastic waste at its source, promoting sustainable fishing practices, and advancing research on biodegradable fishing gear and alternative materials. Ensuring the sustainability of global fisheries and mitigating MP contamination is essential for conserving biodiversity, maintaining ecosystem stability, and securing food resources for future generations.