Microplastics, tiny plastic particles, reach aquatic systems through various human activities by different pathways. Microplastics usually classified as primary and secondary are typically composed of polymers such as polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyolefin. Their microscopic size does not only contaminate the aquatic environment and create greater harm to the aquatic life affecting their natural systems but also poses health risks to seafood consumers especially when microplastics reach the human body through their bioaccumulation in seafood including molluscans, finfish, sea cucumbers, copepods, amphipods and turtles. This chapter discusses how microplastic-contaminated seafood poses a food security risk and how microplastic is a menace. It pictorially exhibits sources and pathways of microplastic contamination in an aquatic environment. This book chapter also presents current mitigation, regulatory measures to curtail microplastic contamination, and knowledge gaps, research needs to be addressed to mitigate the microplastic menace.