The occurrence of microplastics in aquaculture poses a significant challenge due to its implications for the environment, economy, and public health. Microplastics (MPs) are particles of plastic that are less than 5 mm and come from places such as aquaculture feeds, industrial waste, wastewater treatment plants, environmental transport, and the atmosphere, along with practices of aquaculture. These particles accumulate in aquaculture environments and harm fish and other water life forms. The ingestion of MPs by water species causes a number of biological and physiological effects including blockage of digestion, stress metabolism, reduced activity, reduction in eating and swimming, neural injury, reproductive dysfunction, and many more. The damage is intensified due to the fact that not only are MP’s detrimental, but they also act as carriers of POPs and various other hazardous chemicals. This research seeks to provide information regarding the sources and ecological effects of aquaculture MP contamination as well as potential solutions to mitigate them. Control of MP pollution is possible by regulating the use of plastic in aquaculture, substituting with biodegradable materials, and improving waste disposal methods.