About 10,525.90 tonnes of slag are produced annually in South Africa which constitutes a waste. This study proposes the conversion of waste-to-wealth via the reuse of slag as an alternative to bricks using South Africa as a case study. The study employs a discrete event modelling (DEM) implemented in the AnyLogic environment for modelling and simulating the slag reuse process. The DEM was used to determine the number of bricks that can be produced, quantity of other materials as well as the number of personnel that will be required and the cost implications of the reuse process. The results indicate that 368 human resources are required to produce bricks for building 326 houses on a monthly basis. The outcome of the simulation also shows that R1.5 billion per operation could be generated from the reuse of slag for bricks production with a potential to generate R392.2 million profit over 10 years. Thus, the reuse of slag as alternative to conventional bricks boasts of benefits such as new business opportunities, employment, and income generation as well as environmental sustainability. This study may assist smelters and decision makers to develop policy and implementation framework for the conversion of slag into bricks.

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Towards Cost-Effective Housing in South Africa: Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Reusing Slag as Alternative to Conventional Bricks

  • Zwakele Qwabe,
  • Ilesanmi Daniyan,
  • Boitumelo Ramatsetse,
  • Oluwatoyin Esther Akinbowale,
  • Humbulani Simon Phuluwa

摘要

About 10,525.90 tonnes of slag are produced annually in South Africa which constitutes a waste. This study proposes the conversion of waste-to-wealth via the reuse of slag as an alternative to bricks using South Africa as a case study. The study employs a discrete event modelling (DEM) implemented in the AnyLogic environment for modelling and simulating the slag reuse process. The DEM was used to determine the number of bricks that can be produced, quantity of other materials as well as the number of personnel that will be required and the cost implications of the reuse process. The results indicate that 368 human resources are required to produce bricks for building 326 houses on a monthly basis. The outcome of the simulation also shows that R1.5 billion per operation could be generated from the reuse of slag for bricks production with a potential to generate R392.2 million profit over 10 years. Thus, the reuse of slag as alternative to conventional bricks boasts of benefits such as new business opportunities, employment, and income generation as well as environmental sustainability. This study may assist smelters and decision makers to develop policy and implementation framework for the conversion of slag into bricks.