Mexico City has significantly changed its legal status since Mexican independence. One of the most notable changes occurred in 2016 when the city created its first Political Constitution and gained freedom from the federal government. The Constitution of Mexico City, promulgated on February 5, 2017, by the Constitutional Assembly, is a statement to inclusivity. It bestows full citizenship upon all inhabitants, and its foundation lies in the principles of social constitutionalism. The Constitution’s formulation considered the city's complexity and diversity, acknowledging multiculturalism and the inequality gaps of discrimination, exclusion, and poverty. Human rights are also central to this Constitution; therefore, its chapter called “Letter of Rights” establishes rights at a constitutional level that must be respected and granted in an urban environment. This paper highlights the content of the Letter of Rights and the structure and functions of the Democratic Planning System, which is a fundamental instrument for transforming Mexico City into a City of Rights.