Modeling Scholte Waves Generated by Impact Pile Driving
摘要
The primary foundation type used for offshore wind farms are large-diameter monopiles. These are often installed with an impact hammer that produces a high-intensity, broadband impulsive signal that radiates acoustic energy in the water column and seafloor. This signal contains multiple waves such as compressional, shear, and Scholte waves. Scholte waves travel on the water–sediment interface and contain high-intensity, low-frequency energy that benthic species of fish and invertebrates could possibly detect. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to develop two transient finite element models of impact pile driving scenarios to demonstrate Scholte wave particle motion (displacement, velocity, acceleration) and pressure at different locations along the water–sediment interface over time. Particle motion model data were analyzed and compared to classical Scholte wave propagation characteristics as well as fish and invertebrate hearing thresholds.