Although some research has examined the role of resource utilization in enhancing supply chain resilience, the mechanisms through which these resources contribute to resilience have been largely overlooked. Drawing on dynamic capability theory, we investigate when and how resource utilization affects supply chain resilience, focusing on the mediating role of artificial intelligence (AI) capability and the moderating role of technological turbulence. Using survey data from 137 companies in China, We find that AI capability mediates the relationship between two types of resource utilization: bricolage and R&D resource utilization, and supply chain resilience. Furthermore, technological turbulence strengthens the effect of bricolage resource utilization on supply chain resilience while weakening the effect of R&D resource utilization. These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights for resource management and technological adaptation in supply chain management.