In recent years, composite materials have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical properties and versatile applications in various industries. However, the intricate behavior of crack propagation within these materials remains a complex challenge. This research presents a novel approach to model crack propagation in composite materials using a two-dimensional cellular automata framework. The proposed model leverages hexagonal discretization to accurately represent the composite’s concentric structure, consisting of a core and a surrounding matrix. By introducing an initial crack within the material, the CA model simulates the evolution of crack growth under varying stress conditions. Two primary modes of crack propagation are observed: penetration through the core when the stress concentration is greater in the core than in the matrix, and deviation along the interface between the core and the matrix when the stress concentration is higher in the matrix. The model integrates computational mechanics and stress analysis to evaluate the stress concentration at each cell, utilizing stress data to establish rules that govern the transition of cell states from intact to cracked.