Green chemistry is known as sustainable chemistry mainly focused on making chemical processes and products that minimises hazardous substances. This chapter mainly focuses on the principles and significance of green chemistry in modern industry and day to day life. Beginning from the environmental movement of the 1960s and 1970s green chemistry has come into mainstream practice as a sustainable technology. Twelve principles of green chemistry were introduced by Paul Anastas and John Warner gives a framework for making safer, more efficient and environmentally friendly chemical processes. The chapter also highlights the importance of green chemistry in addressing global challenges such as climate change, resource depletion and pollution by focusing its importance in providing innovation, regulatory compliance and economic benefits. By using green chemistry principles industries can reduce their environmental footprint, increase efficiency and contribute to a sustainable future goal.