Upper part of Gomti River catchment which falls under Terai Region is a girdle of marshy land at the bottom of the Himalayas known for its cosmic biodiversity, natural assets, agricultural inheritance, and natural treasure. This region is densely surrounded by compact forests and well-known for its rich wildlife. It has pronounced commercial, economic, cultural, and traditional significance. Rapid development, industrialization, and various other anthropogenic activities cause a massive effect on the ecosystem. The current learning targets to subsidize valuable evidence for assessment of land use and land cover with their influence upon ecosystems in the upper catchment of Gomti River basin which broadly occupies its place in Puranpur Block of Pilibhit District. To comprehend the spatial and temporal variations in land use and land cover, Remote Sensing Technology along with GIS (Geographic Information System) has been found ample beneficial in monitoring and managing land use and land cover pattern of Terai area over a period of time. Remotely sensed data (Landsat-8) in terms of satellite imagery for the decadal year difference (2013–2023) has been used to calculate different categories of land use/land cover temporally. The agronomic land plus crop land which was 46.93% in the Year 2013 has been increased to 51.68% in the year 2023. Urban areas covering an area of 6.44% in 2013 got expanded to 6.85% in 2023 due to various anthropogenic activities. On the other hand because of continuous deforestation and urbanization, the forest area which was 35.84% of the total area in 2013 reduced to 30.34% only and the waterbodies covering an area of 7.83% in the year 2013 has been reduced to 6.92%. This substantial reduction and variation in land use and land cover pattern is propelling adverse effects on ecosystem. This study goals to convey the worthwhile information and recommendations to conserve the environment of this Terai region of the state for making decision across different sectors by scientists, environmental engineers, and urban planners for environmental management, biodiversity conservation, disaster risk management, etc. so that effective planning as well as policies can be implemented for enforcing effective sustainable management. During a temporal variation of a decade, the Agricultural land and Forest cover have witnessed a significant conversion into different land cover categories. This huge change has impacted the local environment.