End of Recyclability – Considering the Ageing of Plastic Materials and Its Implication on Potential Circularity
摘要
The manufacturing of products is connected to environmental impacts due to material and energy demands. One central strategy towards reducing these impacts is establishing circular material flows by reintegrating end of life products as raw materials for production processes. Sustainable manufacturing aims for raising the share of recycled material, while primary resources are only covering losses during use phase and recycling. Hence, the transition towards circular economy requires considerations of end-of-life treatment and recyclability. However, the recyclability of materials depends on several influencing factors and typically degrades over time as ageing occurs. For this purpose, assessment methods for the actual quality of available materials are required providing decision support for identification of the best recycling route. Against this background, a framework is presented for determining the recyclability of plastic materials over time, which incorporates decision criteria for up-, and down-recycling process routes and links this information with material quality and material degradation over time. Subsequently, it is shown that the recyclability of plastics is dependent on its age and that a point can be defined as EoR (End of Recyclability), which can support decision making on integrating recycled materials in manufacturing.