Land use change in coastal areas has become a significant phenomenon, influencing the dynamics of mangrove ecosystems and their critical role in maintaining coastal resilience and biodiversity. This study aims to analyze land use changes in Tambakbulusan and Morodemak, Central Java, from 1973 to 2021, focusing on the impacts of anthropogenic activities and rehabilitation efforts on mangrove ecosystems. Using spatial analysis, the results reveal that mangrove areas experienced a substantial decline between 1989 and the early 2000s due to the expansion of aquaculture ponds and settlements. However, from 2003 to 2021, mangrove coverage showed a positive trend, indicating the success of rehabilitation efforts. Meanwhile, aquaculture ponds expanded steadily, becoming the dominant land use by 2021, while bare land and scrubland exhibited fluctuating trends. Settlement areas also increased, further altering the landscape. These findings highlight the dual impact of human activities: the degradation of natural ecosystems and the potential for successful restoration efforts. This study underscores the importance of sustainable coastal land use management and continued mangrove rehabilitation to balance ecological and socio-economic needs in the region.