This chapter presents the law and policy of protection of competition in Montenegro in the period 2012–2022. After gaining independence in 2006, Montenegro devoted itself to European integration with the goal of full membership in the European Union. One of the key challenges in that process is negotiation of the chapter 8: Competition, for which reason Montenegro had to build a legal system of protection of competition, based on the rules on which competition law of the European Union rests. In this regard, an analysis of the development of competition law in Montenegro was made, with a special focus on the institutional aspect and the application of competition protection rules in the observed period.