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The digital transformation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) has significantly altered the roles and activities of operators in the main control rooms (MCRs). This paper addresses the need for a comprehensive understanding and categorization of the activities in digital MCRs to enhance human reliability analysis (HRA). A two-level categorization of MCR operator activities is proposed, with seven basic activities (i.e., Monitoring, Situation Assessment, Response Planning, Response Implementation, Team Coordination and Communication, Interface Management, and Multitasking) and second-level activities based on underlying cognitive mechanisms. An “activity ladder” model is developed to structure the relationships between different activities and their interactions with the MCR environment. It models a full cycle of the MCR operators’ activity process with three phases--forming situation awareness, decision-making, and action-taking, and visualizes the flow of operation tasks with varying requirements and based on different expertise levels. The two-level categorization of MCR operator activities and an “activity ladder” model can address the cognitive and behavioral aspects of digital MCR operations. These tools provide a detailed framework for HRA research in digital MCRs, empowering the analysis of potential human errors, performance shaping factors (PSFs), and error prevention strategies. However, the high learning cost and potential for confusion due to the complexity of the model should be noted in practical applications.

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Activities in Modern Digital Nuclear Power Plant Main Control Rooms: A Categorization and Activity Ladder Model

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Xinyun Li,
  • Hongbo Li,
  • Qin Gao,
  • Yang Shen,
  • Haijing Tang,
  • Yuchen Kang

摘要

The digital transformation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) has significantly altered the roles and activities of operators in the main control rooms (MCRs). This paper addresses the need for a comprehensive understanding and categorization of the activities in digital MCRs to enhance human reliability analysis (HRA). A two-level categorization of MCR operator activities is proposed, with seven basic activities (i.e., Monitoring, Situation Assessment, Response Planning, Response Implementation, Team Coordination and Communication, Interface Management, and Multitasking) and second-level activities based on underlying cognitive mechanisms. An “activity ladder” model is developed to structure the relationships between different activities and their interactions with the MCR environment. It models a full cycle of the MCR operators’ activity process with three phases--forming situation awareness, decision-making, and action-taking, and visualizes the flow of operation tasks with varying requirements and based on different expertise levels. The two-level categorization of MCR operator activities and an “activity ladder” model can address the cognitive and behavioral aspects of digital MCR operations. These tools provide a detailed framework for HRA research in digital MCRs, empowering the analysis of potential human errors, performance shaping factors (PSFs), and error prevention strategies. However, the high learning cost and potential for confusion due to the complexity of the model should be noted in practical applications.