Infrared thermography is a non-invasive technique that can be used to characterize temperature variation in the temporomandibular joint region. This variation can be related to the structure being analyzed and the distance between the device and the target. The aim of this study was to detect the measurement variation in ˚C as a fuction of the distance between the thermal camera and the target. Five thermograms were obtained from the water surface of a temperature-controlled thermal bath and five from the edge of a biological tissue phantom, respectively, at distances of 30, 40, 50, 60, 80 and 100 cm. The temperature values measured by the thermal camera were compared with those obtained by the thermo-touch of the thermal bath and also by the thermocouple inserted into the bath. The temperature of the bath was initially stabilized at 37 °C and then 38 °C. After 10 min at this new temperature, measurements were taken with the thermal camera. The results showed that for the surface of the water, the thermal camera measurements did not change significantly as a function of distance. However, for temperature measurements at the edge of the phantom, there was a significant variation in the temperature value at distances greater than 50 cm. This suggests that the dependence on distance depends on the size of the region to be measured. Further experiments, including an in vivo stage, should be carried out by varying the size of the region of interest and the distances between the target and the device.