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Unintentional air leaks during positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy may lead to patient discomfort and decreased performance of the PAP device. We aim at characterizing a proportional valve to be used for simulation of multiple levels of unintentional leaks in bench tests of PAP devices. An unintentional air leak valve (UALV) is proposed, consisting of a motor and ball valve assembly. Two valve diameters were tested, 0.5 \(^{\prime \prime }\) and 1 \(^{\prime \prime }\) . The aperture of the UALV was sequentially adjusted using reference input signal from 2.5 V to 10 V (in steps of 0.5 V), under controlled pressure steps from a closed-loop blower. Mathematical models of the relationship between pressure and flow for each aperture were identified. An algorithm was developed to determine the ideal UALV aperture for given conditions of a PAP device test, and was experimentally validated. The characterization of the UALV indicated a purely quadratic flow-pressure relationship for both valve diameters, with a reduction in resistance for larger apertures, as expected. Only the 1" valve met the selected flow and pressure criteria, achieving a flow rate of 1.2 L/s at the lowest pressure (4 cmH2O). Our results indicate that the proposed 1 \(^{\prime \prime }\) UALV can be used for simulation of leak levels observed during therapy.

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Simulation of Unintentional Air Leak on a Bench for the Study of Devices for Sleep Apnea Therapy

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • T. C. Silva-Simão,
  • G. C. Motta-Ribeiro,
  • A. Giannella-Neto,
  • F. C. Jandre

摘要

Unintentional air leaks during positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy may lead to patient discomfort and decreased performance of the PAP device. We aim at characterizing a proportional valve to be used for simulation of multiple levels of unintentional leaks in bench tests of PAP devices. An unintentional air leak valve (UALV) is proposed, consisting of a motor and ball valve assembly. Two valve diameters were tested, 0.5 \(^{\prime \prime }\) and 1 \(^{\prime \prime }\) . The aperture of the UALV was sequentially adjusted using reference input signal from 2.5 V to 10 V (in steps of 0.5 V), under controlled pressure steps from a closed-loop blower. Mathematical models of the relationship between pressure and flow for each aperture were identified. An algorithm was developed to determine the ideal UALV aperture for given conditions of a PAP device test, and was experimentally validated. The characterization of the UALV indicated a purely quadratic flow-pressure relationship for both valve diameters, with a reduction in resistance for larger apertures, as expected. Only the 1" valve met the selected flow and pressure criteria, achieving a flow rate of 1.2 L/s at the lowest pressure (4 cmH2O). Our results indicate that the proposed 1 \(^{\prime \prime }\) UALV can be used for simulation of leak levels observed during therapy.