The One Health approach, proposed by the United Nations (UN) through its agencies: Food and Agriculture (FAO), Animal Health (WOAH), Health (WHO), and Environment (UNEP), is a concept that interrelates human, animal, and environmental health. Based on this concept, the perspective of this work was to identify health guidelines and strategies grounded in the document One Health Joint Plan of Action (OH JPA) 2022–2026, understood, in this analysis, as the structural basis for the debate and implementation actions. In this context, this study aimed to map and identify the response formulations carried out in the member countries of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), one of the WHO’s regions of operation, focusing on the analysis of political aspects and legislations, as outlined in strategy 1 of the “Theory of Change” of One Health and presented in the OH JPA (2022–2026). The methodology involved conducting a narrative literature review, aimed at researching and providing an epistemological, conceptual, and temporal analysis of One Health and its articulation and implementation strategies. The Scopus and Web of Science databases were consulted, using descriptors: One Health, Theory of Change, action plan, and governance. Documentary data from the studied countries were researched on the websites of WHO, FAO, UNEP, WOAH, and PAHO. The analysis focused on the six lines of action of the OH JPA 2022–2026. The results showed the participation of countries in monitoring and control systems such as IHR, Codex Alimentarius, and GF-TADs. There are political strategies, legislations, guidelines, and programmes instituted by PAHO member countries for AMR, with a lesser degree of adherence and greater inclusion in food security strategies, animal health, and environmental conservation agreements that configure instruments for promoting the One Health.