Among Chinese rural heritage, more than 3,000 ancient villages not only provide a rich historical narrative, but also face the challenges of slow economic development and inadequate fire risk management. Addressing these challenges requires more than analyzing the fire resistance of building materials and structures—it’s necessary to study the spatial layout and wind environment to enhance fire prevention capabilities. In this research, Zhaoxing Dong Village, located in China is selected as the case study, with the village is divided into 100 units for fire assessment based on two aspects. First, the field of view area and evacuation characteristics of different routes to evaluate evacuation efficiency and to determine the fire risk coefficient of the spatial layout. Second, using Standard Fuel Models, slope analysis, the active and dead fuel moisture was estimated based on the average precipitation probability for the village in 2020. Wind adjustment factors (WAF) were calculated from average wind speeds at heights of 2.5 ft, 5 ft, and 22.5 ft. By combining these data, mid-flame wind speeds, flame lengths, and maximum surface fire spread rates are derived to access the impact of environmental factors on fire risk management. Ultimately, the fire risk for each unit is evaluated by integrating the fire risk factors associated with the spatial layout and environment, resulting in a fire risk map. This approach provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and mitigating fire risks, supporting fire risk management and reduction, shaping the future of health and safety through data-driven, people-focused solutions.