Coffee is a popular beverage with various health benefits, but not everyone enjoys its taste or tolerates its effects, such as anxiety, insomnia, or reflux. Fortunately, other beverages and foods offer similar bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. Tea, rich in flavonoids like catechins and theaflavins, has been linked to reduced all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. Moderate consumption (1.5–2 cups/day) provides optimal benefits, including a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes, dementia, and kidney stones, along with improved bone mineral density. Red wine, particularly due to resveratrol, has been associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk and mortality in moderate drinkers. However, excessive alcohol intake poses risks, such as atrial fibrillation and weight gain. The lowest mortality and cardiovascular event risks occur with a low daily intake (~1 glass of wine). Dark chocolate, rich in flavanols, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, improving cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and vascular function. Regular intake is linked to a lower risk of heart failure and cognitive decline while reducing depression and anxiety symptoms. However, excessive consumption of high-calorie chocolate should be avoided. In conclusion, non-coffee drinkers can still obtain health benefits from tea, moderate red wine, and dark chocolate when consumed within a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle.

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If Not Coffee, Maybe Tea, a Glass of Wine with Dinner, and Chocolate for Dessert?

  • Arrigo F. G. Cicero,
  • Federica Fogacci

摘要

Coffee is a popular beverage with various health benefits, but not everyone enjoys its taste or tolerates its effects, such as anxiety, insomnia, or reflux. Fortunately, other beverages and foods offer similar bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. Tea, rich in flavonoids like catechins and theaflavins, has been linked to reduced all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. Moderate consumption (1.5–2 cups/day) provides optimal benefits, including a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes, dementia, and kidney stones, along with improved bone mineral density. Red wine, particularly due to resveratrol, has been associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk and mortality in moderate drinkers. However, excessive alcohol intake poses risks, such as atrial fibrillation and weight gain. The lowest mortality and cardiovascular event risks occur with a low daily intake (~1 glass of wine). Dark chocolate, rich in flavanols, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, improving cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and vascular function. Regular intake is linked to a lower risk of heart failure and cognitive decline while reducing depression and anxiety symptoms. However, excessive consumption of high-calorie chocolate should be avoided. In conclusion, non-coffee drinkers can still obtain health benefits from tea, moderate red wine, and dark chocolate when consumed within a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle.