Coffee is the third most consumed beverage globally, following water and tea. Its complex chemical composition, including dyes and bioactive compounds, can significantly impact oral health. While coffee consumption is linked to common oral conditions such as caries, periodontitis, and oral cancer, it also offers notable protective benefits. Research indicates that unsweetened black coffee exhibits anticaries properties and may reduce the risk of periodontitis through its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory effects. Furthermore, studies suggest that coffee consumption can lower the likelihood of developing oral cancer. However, coffee is a primary contributor to tooth discoloration, a cosmetic concern often associated with varieties like Robusta or Turkish coffee, which contain higher levels of chlorogenic acid. This chapter explores the effects of coffee on oral health.