Coffee and Heart Failure
摘要
Heart failure (HF) is a major healthcare challenge, resulting in high-resource utilization and costs. Guidelines recommend multidisciplinary management of this condition, and proper nutrition is one of the most important aspects of HF care. As coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages by adults worldwide, determining the relationship between coffee consumption and HF is crucial for informed patient counseling. This chapter reviews the available evidence. Regarding the relationship between coffee consumption and the risk of developing HF, the evidence suggests that coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of heart failure, consistent with a J-shaped relationship. Moderate consumption (2–5 cups/day) is associated with the greatest risk reduction, whereas higher consumption may increase the risk of heart failure. There is limited evidence on the effects of coffee consumption in patients already diagnosed with heart failure. However, there is no evidence that coffee induces arrhythmias or worsens the prognosis of HF. Therefore, moderate coffee consumption should not be discouraged in patients with heart failure.