A comprehensive inquiry into the complex influence of nano plastics through the complex food chains has as a result of this created anxieties. The discussion has largely been dominated by the environmental impacts of large-scale plastics, but the unique characteristics of nano plastics offer a novel perspective on it. This review aims to have much better understanding of interactions between nano plastics in aquatic ecosystems, particularly as they go through different trophic levels. To bridge existing gaps in knowledge, we carefully analyze bioaccumulation and bioavailability of these particles so that our findings can shed light on potential risks posed to human health by them. In terms of understandings in environmental sciences, this research contributes to that field by explaining how nano plastics climb up the food chain. Moreover, it shows how important it is dealing with new ecological challenge for protecting public health. It also provides information which forms groundwork on which well-informed policies could be made to mitigate against pervasive effects caused by nanoparticles on water bodies and man.