Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become essential in various applications due to their limited resources and wide deployment. The longevity of these networks greatly impacts their operational efficiency. This research we strives to extend the network’s lifespan while enhancing energy utilization and data transmission efficiency. The Proposed method introduces innovations primarily in its setup phase, where nodes autonomously elect Cluster Heads (CHs) to oversee cluster formation. In addition to the traditional threshold-based CH selection process, a new criterion is introduced. Nodes aspiring to become CHs not only evaluate their energy levels against a predetermined threshold (T(N)), but also compare them to the network’s average energy (Eavg), ensuring that selected CHs have sufficient energy reserves for extended operation. A significant enhancement is made in the node’s choice of a CH based on the total distance to the base station, rather than solely considering the proximity of the CH. By utilizing distance calculations, nodes intelligently select a CH that minimizes the overall distance (node to CH + CH to Base Station), thereby optimizing energy expenditure. Once the CHs are elected, a robust communication mechanism is established through TDMA scheduling.