With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the application of AI in music composition has gradually shifted from a simple tool to a partner, driving the transformation of music creation methods. This article explores the practice and challenges of AI technology in music creation under the “Human-AI Co-creation” model, analyzes the development process of AI composition technology and its application in the creative process, focuses on the multi-level interaction between AI and humans, and explores the impact of AI in the music industry through typical cases. At the same time, this article also deeply analyzes the artistic originality, emotional expression, and technical ethics issues faced by AI composition technology, and proposes future development directions. Through these discussions, this article aims to explore how “human intelligence integration” can reshape the essence of music creation in the era of artificial intelligence, and provide theoretical and practical references for music creators and researchers.