This final chapter discusses the role of financial literacy in modern challenges such as the adoption of financial services in digital form and the spread of sustainable finance decisions. Specifically, this chapter firstly provides a wide overview of the literature analyzing the relationships between financial literacy, fintech adoption, and sustainable finance, and secondly shows and discusses empirical evidence of these relationships based on research activities conducted in Italy on different datasets and on different targets. The aim of this analysis is to show the positive effects that financial literacy has for the digital transformation and the ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) transition of the economy and society, by spreading the adoption of digital technologies in financial services and sustainable investment decisions among individuals and enterprises.