In response to the overshoot issue in traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control and its susceptibility to interference, as well as the overshoot and parameter tuning challenges at the inflection point of the nonlinear fal function, this study presents a vector control system for permanent magnet synchronous motors based on an enhanced Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) algorithm. Specifically, it replaces the conventional PI controller in the speed loop with an ADRC controller and substitutes the fal function with a Piecewise Linear Function (PLF). The efficacy of this control strategy is validated through a semi-physical simulation platform. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to traditional PI vector control, the proposed ADRC strategy effectively mitigates motor overshoot, enhances system stability, and improves dynamic performance. This research offers theoretical insights for permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control.