In the dual context of digital era and economic globalization, the rapid development of internet economy has accelerated the circulation and update of fashion information, greatly shortening the innovation cycle of fashion industry. Given fashion enterprises’ urgent need to quickly capture and accurately predict trends, this research aims to predict handbag fashion trends through studying the product characteristics of luxury fashion brands over the past decade. This study first systematically deconstructed the multidimensional factors influencing women’s fashion handbag design, breaking down design elements into four aspects: ‘Form-Color-Texture-Structure’ (FCTS), with further subdivision of each aspect. Women’s handbag style images from 4 brands between 2014–2024 from the POP fashion trend database were collected. Subsequent statistical analysis revealed that over the past decade, fashion handbags have shown a trend from structured to semi-structured bags, with decreasing numbers of trapezoid bags and increasing numbers of irregular shapes. Single-shoulder carrying methods have increased yearly while hand-held styles have decreased. In terms of color, brightness has shown a trend from decreasing to increasing, while saturation has remained relatively stable. Regarding materials, fashion handbags have shifted from matte to glossy leather, with increasing use of woven/textile (organic) materials. For structure, the traditional front + back + gusset pattern has shown a declining trend, while front + back + gusset + flap patterns have been most commonly used in recent years. This research proposes the ‘Form-Color-Texture-Structure’ handbag composition framework and develops a comprehensive fashion handbag dataset. Through analysis, it identifies design trends in fashion handbags and characteristic features of different brands, providing a solid foundation for establishing effective AIGC workflows for fashion handbags and supporting handbag design positioning.