This paper extensively examines the integration of LoRa technology into smart livestock farm environmental monitoring systems, aiming to elevate the informatization level in the livestock industry through modern technological advancements. It initially outlines the current state of China’s livestock industry and the pressing need for modernization. Subsequently, the principles and advantages of LPWAN technology, particularly LoRa, are introduced. As an ultra-long-range wireless transmission solution, LoRa boasts low power consumption, long-range transmission capabilities, and massive connectivity, offering technical support for the intellectualization of the livestock sector. This paper not only analyzes LoRa technology’s working principles, spread spectrum communication principles, and data packet formats but also elaborates on the design, configuration, and implementation process of a smart livestock farm environmental monitoring system based on LoRa. Additionally, it explores specific challenges encountered during implementation and their respective solutions. By leveraging LoRa technology, this paper underscores its potential to enhance the informatization of livestock farms, facilitating the collection and transmission of environmental data crucial for effective monitoring and management. The discussion highlights LoRa’s robustness in tackling the complexities of livestock farm environments, addressing challenges posed by such environments, and providing practical solutions for overcoming them. This academic endeavor contributes to advancing the smart and information-driven transformation of the livestock industry.