Participation and Rite
摘要
This chapter examines the interplay between participatory and sacramental ontology in Christian theology, emphasizing that all creation exists through divine participation. Drawing on Augustine, W. Norris Clarke, and David Bentley Hart, it argues that human culture and nature derive meaning from God. Sacramental ontology extends this by showing how creation mediates divine grace, especially in the sacraments. The study critiques the separation of form and content in sacramental theology, asserting that ritual form is essential to divine-human encounter. It defends the liturgy as a forma vitae, integrating bodily, material, and communal dimensions, resisting the virtualization of worship.