Building successful entrepreneurship education programs in China requires a multi-faceted approach that addresses the unique challenges of vocational education. This paper addresses the persistent difficulties in building a successful entrepreneurship education (EE) and determine the level of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE), entrepreneurial intention (EI), and entrepreneurial education success (EES). The central issue is the need for clarity in defining the critical factors that contribute to these constructs, which hinder the ability of vocational education programs to produce successful entrepreneurial outcomes. Using a descriptive methodology, this paper employed SPSS Statistics 26 to determine the factors’ level. The findings show a high EI, ESE, and ESE level among private vocational students in China. The higher the mean score of EI and ESE, the greater the EES scores. Thus, this reflects that ESE, EI and EES among vocational students in China are high and that students not only intend to start a business but also possess the confidence and skills to do so successfully. The paper contributes to theory and practice by clarifying the components necessary for effective EE in Chinese vocational institutions and offering a framework for designing curricula that better support entrepreneurial development. Future research should explore the long-term impacts of these educational interventions on entrepreneurial success and consider the influence of external economic factors.