Happy Set Problems on Cubic Graphs and Convex Bipartite Graphs
摘要
In this paper, we study the approximability and the computational complexity of the Maximum Happy Set problem (MaxHS for short) on graph classes: For an undirected graph \(G = (V, E)\) and a subset \(S\subseteq V\) of vertices, a vertex v is happy if v and all its neighbors are in S; otherwise unhappy. Given a graph G and an integer k, the goal of MaxHS is to find a subset S of k vertices such that the number of happy vertices is maximized. MaxHS is known to be NP-hard even for bipartite graphs and cubic (i.e., 3-regular) graphs. As for the approximability, it is known that there is a polynomial-time \((2\Delta +1)\) -approximation algorithm for MaxHS on graphs with maximum degree \(\Delta \) , and furthermore the approximation ratio can be improved to \(\Delta \) if \(\Delta \) is a constant. In this paper, we first design a polynomial-time 2-approximation algorithm for MaxHS on cubic graphs. We then design an exact algorithm for MaxHS on n-vertex convex bipartite graphs, which runs in \(O(n^2 + k^3 n)\) time.