Detection of Whistlers During the Catastrophic Eruptions of Kamchatka Volcanoes in April 2023
摘要
The performed statistical and dispersion analysis of pulse electromagnetic radiation data, obtained during the catastrophic eruptions of Kamchatka volcanoes in April 2023, showed that long whistlers, having paired initiating atmospherics of volcanic thunderstorms, were recorded. Thus, 25 long whistlers were recorded from 13:00 UT till 24:00 UT on April 10 from the total number of 42. During that period an increase of volcanic lightning occurrences, caused by Shiveluch volcano eruption activity, was observed and the total number of discharges from the direction to the volcano reached 26101 pulses [1, 2]. Three observation complexes operated simultaneously: Automatic Whistler Detector and Analyzer Network (AWDANET), Worldwide Whistler and Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) and VLF direction finder developed in IKIR FEB RAS [1, 3–5]. The complexes are installed at Karymshina site and Paratunka Geophysical Observatory far from industrial noise. Volcanic lightning coordinates were determined by the WWLLN data. The VLF direction finder observed the direction of radiation arrival in real time. The AWDANET recorded the time of whistler nose frequency arrival. Based on the Himawari-9 satellite data, the dynamics of the eruptive clouds, formed during the eruption, was traced. Long and short whistlers were classified according to the dispersion coefficient based on the method described in the publication [6]. In this case, even and multiple even dispersion coefficient corresponds to long whistlers opposed to short ones, which were generated by the lightning in magnetically conjugated thunderstorm source.