In marine seismic surveys, the summation of the data from hydrophones and geophones is used to suppress receiver-side multiple reflections and to improve the quality of seismic data. Despite the fact that this procedure is considered classical, its implementation in practice is not straightforward and requires additional correction of geophone data. The geophone records not only P-waves, but also converted waves; the geophone and hydrophone have different frequency characteristics with various deviations. Finally, it is not possible to control the geophone bottom coupling. In this paper, we present an algorithm for the correction of geophone data. The algorithm consists of two stages. The first stage is the construction of the signature filter, which allows to obtain data of “ideal” geophone (geophone with ideal coupling) from hydrophone data. The second stage is the construction of the transition coefficient between the data of “ideal” and real geophones using the methods of spectral-correlation analysis. The obtained coefficient includes components corresponding to the geophone coupling and to other reasons of geophone signal distortions. The application of the transition coefficient is demonstrated on real marine seismic data. The correction of geophone data is performed with applying the inverse of transition coefficient. At the same time, applying the transition coefficient to the data of “ideal” geophone allows to obtain the copy of geophone data which contains only P-waves; this can be useful for separation of geophone data to the signal and noise parts. The analysis of the transition coefficient can be used for quality control of geophone data.