Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have played a significant role in African peacebuilding and development over many years. NGOs have reached out to some of the most marginalized places in Africa, where governments have failed to respond to the population’s needs. They have been the major drivers for peacebuilding and development at the grassroots level and have worked with different actors to build peace, promote human rights, and offer humanitarian services. In most cases, NGOs rely on external funding to implement their projects, subjecting their peace and development projects to the Western donors’ agenda, which sometimes conflicts with the population’s needs. Overreliance on external funding has also meant that NGOs cannot stay longer to accompany peace processes up to the end. This has meant that the NGOs have become “guest peacebuilders” parachuting from one location to another, one focus issue to another, driven mainly by imperatives of donor funding. Parachute peacebuilding is reflected in two perspectives: first is the temporal nature of the NGO interventions based on intermittent funding. They tend to parachute into a place to run projects for just a few weeks to a few years, creating high dependencies on the population, and once the funding is over, the project closes, and the population is left on its own. The second parachute nature of NGO peacebuilding is the constant shift from one subject matter to another, from one priority issue to another, all driven by the dictates of the donor. This implies that the population is no longer the priority beneficiary and that donors’ agenda predetermines the focus area. The chapter ends by calling for the decolonization of NGO peacebuilding to reflect the needs of the people on the ground.

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Parachute Peacebuilding: Interrogating NGO Peace and Development in Africa

  • Elias O. Opongo

摘要

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have played a significant role in African peacebuilding and development over many years. NGOs have reached out to some of the most marginalized places in Africa, where governments have failed to respond to the population’s needs. They have been the major drivers for peacebuilding and development at the grassroots level and have worked with different actors to build peace, promote human rights, and offer humanitarian services. In most cases, NGOs rely on external funding to implement their projects, subjecting their peace and development projects to the Western donors’ agenda, which sometimes conflicts with the population’s needs. Overreliance on external funding has also meant that NGOs cannot stay longer to accompany peace processes up to the end. This has meant that the NGOs have become “guest peacebuilders” parachuting from one location to another, one focus issue to another, driven mainly by imperatives of donor funding. Parachute peacebuilding is reflected in two perspectives: first is the temporal nature of the NGO interventions based on intermittent funding. They tend to parachute into a place to run projects for just a few weeks to a few years, creating high dependencies on the population, and once the funding is over, the project closes, and the population is left on its own. The second parachute nature of NGO peacebuilding is the constant shift from one subject matter to another, from one priority issue to another, all driven by the dictates of the donor. This implies that the population is no longer the priority beneficiary and that donors’ agenda predetermines the focus area. The chapter ends by calling for the decolonization of NGO peacebuilding to reflect the needs of the people on the ground.