Phase change materials (PCMs) can improve energy efficiency of buildings, reducing energy consumption and improving thermal comfort. PCMs have reportedly been contained by porous materials such as natural fiber textiles, which can be applied as reinforcement for cement matrices in building materials. This work aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different polymer coating treatments to coat jute textiles containing PCM, preventing leakage. Three treatments were studied: carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (XSBR); XSBR with 5% ZnO addition; carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR). In order to evaluate the effect of the treatments on jute’s mechanical properties, tensile and pullout tests at both solid and liquid state PCM conditions were performed, as well as and chemical characterization of the textiles. Results have shown that XNBR coating provided higher a tensile strength (77 MPa at both conditions) and a higher adhesion strength to a cement matrix (12.6 N and 15.7 N at liquid and solid PCM conditions, respectively) to jute yarns when compared to XSBR, while also effectively coating fibers with a thinner and lighter coating layer, demonstrating its potential for this application.