Providing fish with proper nutrition has long been recognized as a critical factor in promoting normal growth, health, and generation of well body composition. In addition to influencing fish health, growth, and optimum flesh quality, good nutrition also enhances the economic returns of the industry as feed accounts for a significant portion of the production cost (Ahmed et al., 2024). Regardless of the quality of the environment, an undernourished animal cannot maintain its health. It is evident that faulty nutrition reduces the productivity of fish and deteriorates their health until recognizable diseases become evident (Khan & Khan, 2020). With the development of balanced commercial diets that promote optimal fish growth and health, fish nutrition has made significant advancements in recent years (Adewumi, 2018). Fish nutrition ranks as one of the most important aspects of fish production, necessitating continuous enhancements in feed formulation and the incorporation of diverse feed ingredients. These efforts are essential for the comprehensive development and long-term sustainability of fish farming systems (Davis, 2009; Hixson, 2014). Depriving fish of essential nutrients not only hampers their growth and feed efficiency but also increases their vulnerability to diseases and prompts the display of deficiency symptoms such as altered behavior and pathology.