Urban growth, which is frequent in developing countries owing to the inflow of people looking for work in metropolitan regions, exacerbates resource strain, infrastructure disparities, and population displacement. This rise worsens the world climate issue and leads to regional imbalances because of extensive consumption and land use patterns. Budgets are under increasing pressure due to increased infrastructural needs and a loss of arable land, which harm local food output and transportation costs. The loss of natural ecosystems is another consequence of the building projects that accompany urban development. The Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) oversees about 25% of West Bengal’s urban growth. This is especially true in the highly developed areas of Kolkata and the South 24 Parganas. They are in places with very sensitive weather, so knowing how urban sprawl hurts people is essential. This paper examines urban morphological indicators (UMIs), including fractal dimension, compactness index, and form factor, as part of a spatiotemporal analysis of KMDA using the box-counting method of Fractalyse software. The research illustrates the tendencies of urban expansion in Kolkata, Maheshtala, Rajpur-Sonarpur, and Baruipur. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significant increase in population in the South 24 Parganas due to the availability of better transportation options. Given the importance of urban design in achieving spatial justice, this study provides insights into strategies for managing urban growth in developing nations.