The process of rapid urbanization and industrialization requires an enormous amount of natural aggregates to produce concrete. To meet the current demand, the construction industry has focused on using synthetic aggregates, produced from eco-friendly raw materials, as a sustainable alternative to conventional aggregates. This chapter reviews the different origins of these eco-friendly alternative materials, their production methods, the various shapes of aggregates and the types of mortar used in the production process. Hardening methods such as sintering, cold-bonding, accelerated carbonation and alkaline activation may significantly affect the final properties of the produced synthetic aggregates. The chapter also outlines the significance of employing recycled concrete, waste plastic, industrial byproducts and agricultural waste as eco-friendly raw materials for the production of aggregates. The shapes of produced synthetic aggregates play a crucial role in the workability, strength and durability of the produced synthetic aggregate concrete. This chapter examines the differences among the angular, rounded, cubical and custom-shaped aggregates, which can influence the performance of produced concrete. The chapter also addresses the environmental benefits of using synthetic aggregates, such as reducing CO2 emissions, conserving natural resources and utilizing industrial agro wastes. The objective of this chapter is to present innovative strategies and valuable insights about the production of synthetic aggregates using eco-friendly raw materials.