The reduction of carbon footprint towards sustainability in the construction sector demands innovative construction techniques and novel and bio-based building materials to optimize the building process and make it more sustainable. This study evaluates experimentally the dynamic thermal performance on hardened lime-cement mortars with Phase Change Materials (PCM) and Cellulose Fibers (CF) for 3D printing applications. Four material’s design strategies were followed to reduce carbon footprint: partial substitution of cement by air-lime, addition of a Phase Change Material (PCM) to increase thermal energy efficiency, nanoclays to improve material printability and Cellulose Fibers (CF) to enhance extrudability and enlarge durability. A mortar mixture with 20% of PCM was selected to produce three types of specimens: cast in the mold plate, 3D-printed plate and 3D-printed truss. A multilayer enclosure system with a thermal insulation layer plus a mortar specimen was tested using a climate chamber to simulate dynamic cooling and heating cycles, ranging 15 - 30ºC. The experimental results showed that the manufacturing procedure did not modify the high thermal efficiency of the material, while a truss cross-section element largely increased energy efficiency of the enclosure system.