Ageing and vulnerability of civil engineering structures are major concerns for stakeholders in the construction sector today, ranging from engineers to end-users. Moreover, the building sector in France is responsible for 44% of energy consumption and the annual emission of over 123 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, while also contributing to the depletion of non-renewable resources. These challenges make this sector a key driver in combating climate change and advancing the energy transition. One potential solution lies in the use of Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) composites made from vegetal fibres, recognised for their low environmental impact, to strengthen existing and new structures. This article focuses on investigating the global and local mechanical behaviour of these composites in order to promote their adoption in construction. To achieve this, a multi-scale approach has been adopted, ranging from the analysis of the textile-matrix interface to the study of the FRCM composite as a whole. Flax, jute and carbon textiles were selected for this experimental study. The pull-out test was used to analyse the behaviour of the textile-matrix interface, while the direct tensile test combined with the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique was used to characterise the overall performance of the FRCM composites. The study investigated the influence of textile pre-impregnation in the mineral matrix, the addition of short flax fibres and the type of textile on the textile-matrix bond and cracking mechanisms in the FRCM composites. The results showed that the textile-matrix bond properties have a significant effect on the mechanical response of the composites, highlighting avenues for optimisation of both materials and structures.