This study conducts a systematic literature review on connections in bamboo structures, exploring technological advancements and innovations, emphasizing mechanical performance and challenges. Following the PRISMA guidelines and the PICO framework, the research was structured using the STROBE guidelines for the rigorous selection of articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The results reveal a significant improvement in ductility across various types of connections, the influence of screw diameter and spacing in bamboo culms, and the favorable performance of fillers in enhancing connection stability. Additionally, innovations such as 3D connections and the use of biocomposites are explored. However, the study highlights critical gaps, such as the need for standardized techniques and broader experimental investigations to assess performance in diverse application scenarios. The presented systematic review contributes by mapping existing knowledge, identifying challenges, and emphasizing the need for greater investment in research and technical standards to promote the broader use of bamboo as a structural material.