This paper is about sugar but does not focus on the final product, rather, it focusses on the tools necessary for producing and refining sugar. Starting in the seventeenth century, the French sugar production and trade played a key role in a growing transatlantic economy, as the cultivation of sugar cane requires a climate only found—for the kingdom of France—in its American colonies. Having the necessary tools and material for the transformation of sugarcane was important in the French West Indies, an importance that greatly increased with the multiplication of sugar habitations and the establishment of refineries in French harbors (in France) along hydrographic axes. These flows of goods—elements of grinding mills, boilers, refining ceramics, sugar-bleaching clays, special packaging papers—were mostly superimposed on technological transfers and networks of different scales, but remained characteristic of a specific use, in a competitive context.