The development of numerical methods capable of simulating the behaviour of architectural structures under fire conditions with high accuracy can improve the efficiency of fire resistance assessment of building structures. However, realizing real-time standard temperature rise control for different samples under real fire conditions is a current difficulty. In this work, the feasibility of building a virtual structural fire-resistant furnace based on the CFD software FDS is investigated. The temperature response of the monitoring points in the system is tested by using different combinations of proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D) ratios with different gains. Then the steady state error, transient behaviours (overshoot, oscillation) and stabilization time are analysed and compared by using the PID control method. The results show that the PID controller successfully simulates the standard temperature-time curve and hydrocarbon curve required for the fire resistance test. Moreover, the error rate within 1 min is 15%, while it decreases significantly to only 1% and 0.18% within 3 min and 10 min, respectively. It is noteworthy that these values exceed the standard requirement of less than 15% error rate within 10 min.