Influence of Modulation Frequency and Feedback Diameter on Gesture Control with Mid-Air Haptics in a Driving Simulator
摘要
Mid-air haptic feedback for gesture control is a promising alternative to widely used touchscreens in cars in order to reduce off-road glances. Mid-air haptics use modulation frequencies below 300 Hz to be perceivable by the skin. Research shows an age effect on perception of mechanoreceptors in the skin. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of modulation frequencies and pattern sizes in a dual task application with people of all ages. Participants controlled a virtual slider with a gesture, while driving in a simulator. Objective parameters and subjective usability ratings were recorded. Three feedback diameters (10, 16, and 26 mm) and three modulation frequencies (50, 80 and 128 Hz) were investigated resulting in nine study parameter combinations (SP). Pictures of each participant’s hand were taken in order to calculate the palm surface area (PSA) by software. Three of the older participants not feeling the mid-air haptics were excluded. The remaining 28 older participants had an average age of 61.8 years and the 30 younger participants an average age of 31.0 years. The highest task fulfilment was achieved for both groups with 80 Hz and 16 mm. The LCT-mean deviation was highest for each diameter for 50 Hz. Significant differences between the groups were found for the LCT mean-deviation and mean speed mostly for 50 and 80 Hz. Additionally, significant correlations between PSA and task fulfilment were found for two and for LCT speed for one SP. The current results will be evaluated in an advanced static driving simulator in future work.