Vascular access is a broad term to describe intraluminal cannulation of an artery or vein. The access may be peripheral or central and will depend on the desired use. Superficial venous access may be placed with or without adjunct ultrasound. Central venous and peripheral arterial access may be obtained using landmarks or with adjunct ultrasound. In this chapter, we will discuss the different types of vascular access, their indications, and complications that may arise.