Social and cultural factors influence dietary preferences and practices in various countries. However, dietary habits may change due to new trends designed to protect and promote health. The study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of food group consumption in the coastal, highland, and jungle regions of Peru, utilizing data from the National Household Survey (ENAHO) and classifying foods according to the NOVA system. The findings indicate that the coastal region exhibits a higher intake of unprocessed or minimally processed foods, whereas processed and ultra-processed foods are more prevalent in the coastal and highland regions. Moreover, it was observed that households in the coastal and jungle regions prefer to shop at supermarkets rather than local markets and grocery stores. The study identified an association between the region of origin and the types of food consumed, suggesting that geographical and cultural factors significantly influence dietary choices. These results underscore the necessity of tailoring public health and food security strategies to the specific regional characteristics of Peru.