Non-revenue water (NRW) represents a significant challenge for water utilities worldwide, particularly in developing countries like Namibia, where water scarcity intensifies the urgency of efficient water management. This systematic literature review critically examines the effectiveness and feasibility of Internet of Things (IoT)-based leak detection technologies for reducing NRW in Namibia′s water distribution networks. By analyzing 30 peer-reviewed studies published between 2014 and 2023, the review addresses two primary research questions: (1) What are the most effective IoT sensor technologies and placement strategies for leak detection in Namibia′s water distribution networks? (2) What is the cost-benefit implications of implementing IoT-based leak detection in Namibia, considering factors like sensor costs, installation, maintenance, and potential water savings? The findings reveal that while IoT-based systems, such as acoustic sensors, wireless sensor networks, and machine learning algorithms, have demonstrated effectiveness in leak detection, their implementation in Namibia faces challenges related to high initial costs, technical complexities, and socio-economic factors. The review underscores the necessity for context specific research, pilot studies, and comprehensive cost-benefit analyses to tailor IoT solutions effectively for Namibia. By addressing these considerations, the adoption of IoT-based leak detection systems can significantly contribute to sustainable water management practices and NRW reduction in the country.