Teacher mental health is a multifaceted construct influenced by emotional, cognitive, social, and organizational factors, with significant implications for both educators and the overall school environment. This chapter offers an in-depth examination of the complexities surrounding teacher mental healthteacher mental health, highlighting its essential role in promoting professional well-beingprofessional well-being and maintaining educational quality. It begins by presenting an integrated framework for understanding mental health, followed by an exploration of the risk and protective factors that impact teachers’ well-being.