The amount of plastic waste being generated has skyrocketed over the past few decades, and 79% of it is being dumped without effective waste management in landfills or nearby aquatic bodies. As plastic waste degrades due to abiotic factors, microplastics are created. MPs are synthetic or semi-synthetic polymeric particles. The aquatic ecosystem is particularly vulnerable to microplastic pollution as most plastic waste is dumped there. Persistent organic pollutants and microplastics interact to increase the harm posed by the pollutants. Microplastics are directly ingested by organisms from polluted water or indirectly through the contaminated food web. The impacts of microplastics are wide-ranging, impacting marine life, fisheries, economics, tourism, plants, marine aesthetics, and human health. This study involves the adverse impacts of microplastic pollution on the Indian aquatic ecosystem.